Budd-Chiari syndrome is primarily caused by which condition?

Budd-Chiari syndrome primarily results from hepatic vein occlusion, which leads to impaired blood flow from the liver. This blockage can occur due to thrombosis of the hepatic veins, causing increased pressure within the hepatic venous system and subsequently leading to liver dysfunction.

Understanding this syndrome's mechanism is essential, as the occlusion typically hinders venous outflow, resulting in complications such as liver enlargement, abdominal pain, and ascites. Although portal vein thrombosis may produce similar manifestations in the abdominal circulation, Budd-Chiari specifically pertains to the obstruction of hepatic veins. This distinction is crucial for proper diagnosis and management of the condition.

While splenic vein obstruction and arterial embolism can influence hepatic blood flow and liver conditions, neither directly aligns with the pathophysiology of Budd-Chiari syndrome as primarily driven by hepatic vein issues.