What maneuver is often used during a carotid ultrasound to assess for plaque?

The Valsalva maneuver is commonly employed during a carotid ultrasound to assess for plaque because it momentarily alters blood flow dynamics through the carotid arteries. When a patient performs this maneuver, they take a deep breath and then forcefully exhale while keeping their mouth and nose closed. This action increases intrathoracic pressure, which subsequently affects venous return to the heart and can alter the flow characteristics in the carotid arteries.

The temporary change in blood flow can help in identifying areas of turbulence or disturbance that may indicate the presence of plaque. Such disturbances are often associated with significant stenosis or obstructions within the arterial lumen, offering a clearer assessment of vascular conditions.

Other options do not directly serve the same purpose in assessing plaque. Deep breathing exercises do not provide significant changes in blood flow dynamics needed for plaque assessment. Arm elevation and abdominal compression primarily affect venous return or systemic circulation rather than specifically evaluating the carotid arteries for plaque formation.